Tsukuba, Japan—Research and development of organic electronics such as organic solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes is rapidly advancing. The "shape" of the electron orbitals of organic ...

Electron orbitals show where and how electrons move around atomic nuclei and molecules. In modern chemistry and physics, they have proven to be a useful model for quantum mechanical description and ...

No one will ever be able to see a purely mathematical construct such as a perfect sphere. But now, scientists using supercomputer simulations and atomic resolution microscopes have imaged the ...

The Jahn-Teller effect, proposed by Jahn and Teller in 1937, describes how molecules or crystals with degenerate electronic orbitals can lower their total energy by distorting their structure. This ...

The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was observed for the first time. As the interactions between atoms are governed by the valence electrons ...

Researchers from the University of Twente, in the Netherlands, say that they have gained “important insights” into photons, which “behave in an amazingly greater variety than electrons surrounding ...